![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Returning to India in 1921, Bose joined the nationalist movement led by Mahatma Gandhi and the Indian National Congress. He succeeded with distinction in the vital first exam but demurred at taking the routine final exam, citing nationalism as a higher calling. The early recipient of an Anglocentric education, he was sent after college to England to take the Indian Civil Service examination. Subhas Bose was born into wealth and privilege in a large Bengali family in Orissa during the British Raj. The honorific Netaji ( Hindi: "Respected Leader") was first applied to Bose in Germany in early 1942-by the Indian soldiers of the Indische Legion and by the German and Indian officials in the Special Bureau for India in Berlin. Subhas Chandra Bose ( / ʃ ʊ b ˈ h ɑː s ˈ tʃ ʌ n d r ə ˈ b oʊ s/ ( listen) shuub- HAHSS CHUN-drə BOHSS 23 January 1897 – 18 August 1945) was an Indian nationalist whose defiance of British authority in India made him a hero among many Indians, but his wartime alliances with Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan left a legacy vexed by authoritarianism, anti-Semitism, and military failure. ![]()
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